1、干裂
1. Dry crack
原木端面上從髓心開裂向外進(jìn)展而不到材邊緣，其內(nèi)部沿木射線發(fā)生裂紋，稱蜂窩裂;裂紋分布在材外表上的，稱外表裂紋。干燥翹棱均而引動(dòng)的裂紋俗稱木質(zhì)包裝箱干裂現(xiàn)象。
On the end face of the log, the crack develops from the pith center to the outside but not to the edge of the log, and the crack occurs along the wood ray inside, which is called honeycomb crack; the crack distributed on the surface of the log, which is called exterior crack. Drying warping edge is uniform and induced cracks, commonly known as wood packaging box cracking phenomenon.
2.徑裂
2. Radial fracture
木質(zhì)包裝箱的根部經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)徑向裂紋，并從根部向上開裂，有些包裝箱還會(huì)開裂到部分活樹枝。
The root of wooden packing box often appears radial crack, and cracks upward from the root, and some packing boxes will crack to some live branches.
沿著徑向，它穿過髓，但不開裂到當(dāng)?shù)氐臉淦ぁ?/div>
Along the radial direction, it passes through the pith, but does not crack into the local bark.
3、凍裂
3. Frost crack
木質(zhì)包裝箱的檢驗(yàn)方法因裂紋而異。檢驗(yàn)尺的長度與長度之比在指定的寬度范圍內(nèi)測量，并以百分比表示。
The inspection methods of wooden packing cases vary with cracks. The length to length ratio of the inspection ruler is measured within the specified width range and expressed as a percentage.
樹干沿紋理的冷致徑向開裂。
The tree trunks crack along the cold-induced radial direction of the grain.
4.輪裂
4. Wheel crack
木制包裝箱輪裂在成材斷面呈月芽形。材料表面形成縱向凹槽，輪裂成整圈。
The wooden packing box is in the shape of crescent on the section of finished wood. A longitudinal groove is formed on the surface of the material, and the wheel cracks into a whole circle.
木質(zhì)包裝箱上的裂縫，沿著木質(zhì)部分的年輪方向開裂。
Cracks on the wooden packing box, along the direction of the tree ring of the wood part.
而面對干裂我們有以下應(yīng)對方法:
In the face of dry crack, we have the following countermeasures:
方法就是進(jìn)行定型烘干處置，以解除木包裝內(nèi)部應(yīng)力，使防腐木包裝的內(nèi)部含水率≤13%。蒸汽窯烘干或真空窯烘干是比擬幻想的處置方法，其根本道理是在規(guī)范窯里給木包裝加以必然的濕度(軟化木包裝外表)，分時(shí)分段用恰當(dāng)?shù)母邷匕涯景b芯部的水分逼出來。防腐處置前的基材進(jìn)行烘干，既能確保防腐劑有用成分的接收，又能使用木包裝內(nèi)部的應(yīng)力，改善木包裝的變形與開裂景象;防腐處置后的木包裝因?yàn)榉栏航?jīng)加壓進(jìn)入木包裝內(nèi)部(全濕透)，需進(jìn)行二次烘干(但要經(jīng)陰干后，以使防腐劑有用成分固著在木包裝內(nèi)部)含水率≤13%，以再次使用防腐木包裝剩余的內(nèi)部應(yīng)力、不變尺寸、大水平地改善防腐木包裝的開裂現(xiàn)象。
The method is to dry the wood package to relieve the internal stress and make the internal moisture content of the anti-corrosion wood package ≤ 13%. Steam kiln drying or vacuum kiln drying is a fantasy disposal method. Its basic principle is to give wood packaging necessary humidity (soften the appearance of wood packaging) in the standard kiln, and use appropriate high temperature to force out the moisture in the core of wood packaging in time and section. The drying of the base material before the antiseptic treatment can not only ensure the reception of the useful components of the antiseptic, but also use the internal stress of the wood package to improve the deformation and cracking of the wood package; Because the preservative solution enters into the interior of the wood package after antiseptic treatment (completely wet), it needs to be dried again (but after being dried in the shade, so that the useful components of the preservative can be fixed in the wood package) until the moisture content is less than or equal to 13%, so as to use the remaining internal stress of the antiseptic wood package again, keep the size unchanged, and improve the cracking phenomenon of the wood package.
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